Determinants of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 2017, vol. 13, issue 2

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Friends doing business. An Explorative Longitudinal Case Study of Creativity and Innovation in an Italian Technology-Based Start-Up
(Fundacja Upowszechniająca Wiedzę i Naukę "Cognitione" / Wyższa Szkoła Biznesu - National Louis Univeristy, 2017) Tognazzo, Alessandra; Mazzurana, Paola Angela Maria
With a process perspective based on a framework derived from several disciplines, we theoretically discuss how friendship dynamics in founding teams may affect a business. We develop a conceptual model that considers the different nature of exchanges in business and friendship, which may serve as a useful starting base for future investigation (in the Appendix we report some measures of friendship). We then examine an exemplary case. We focus on group cohesiveness (a proxy for friendship), decision-making, and organization of an Italian technology-based firm’s founding team over time and explore the process of generating creative ideas and implementing innovation. Our speculative findings show that chaos does not necessarily favor creativity and innovation: while low group cohesiveness leads to disorganization because business norms prevail over friendship ones, high group cohesiveness creates structure in the organization that sustains the generation of creative outcomes by enhancing the role of friendship norms in decision-making. We explain this finding in the light of the principle of reciprocity of exchanges.
Use of the Internet and its Impact on Productivity and Sales Growth in Female-Owned Firms: Evidence from India
(Fundacja Upowszechniająca Wiedzę i Naukę "Cognitione" / Wyższa Szkoła Biznesu - National Louis Univeristy, 2017) Gosavi, Aparna
The Internet has completely transformed our lives on an individual basis in many ways, ranging from the way we communicate through the way we socialize to the way we shop and travel. Businesses are no exception to this premise. This paper studies the adoption of the Internet by female-owned firms in India. It uses the World Bank’s Enterprise Surveys Program data set for the year 2014 to study the adoption of the Internet by more than 10,000 firms in the country. After controlling for a large number of firm-level characteristics, empirical results obtained indicate that female-owned firms are more likely to use the Internet than their male counterparts. However, further empirical analysis shows that more intensive adoption of the Internet by these female-owned firms does not necessarily translate into better performance. Specifically, the adoption of the Internet does not make female-owned firms more or less likely to have better productivity and sales growth in contrast to that of their male counterparts.
Generic Modular Ontology for Innovation Domain. A Key Pillar Towards “Innovation Interoperability”
(Fundacja Upowszechniająca Wiedzę i Naukę "Cognitione" / Wyższa Szkoła Biznesu - National Louis Univeristy, 2017) EL BASSITI, Lamyaa
In a century of complexity, organizations are moving towards open innovation. So, contemporary Innovation Management Systems have to deal with the distributed, heterogeneous and fast growing characteristics of knowledge that are available in different forms and are rather weakly structured. In addition, the increasing degree of specialization and interdependence between and among organizations calls for group capabilities at the organizational level to interoperate with others to produce not only novel, but also critically acclaimed innovations. This is the focus of this paper that introduces the new concept of “Innovation Interoperability”. Then, it formalizes and represents semantically the key concepts underlying a systematic innovation approach and the relations between them, through a Generic Modular Ontology, we have called “GenID Ontology”. The latter consists of three interconnected sub-ontologies, referring to the key dimensions of successful innovation within an open context, which are: Core-ideas, Actors and Context. This paper has adopted a mixed research strategy and uses a qualitative online survey to examine the delivered constructs.
The Size of Local Government Administration at a Municipal Level as a Determinant of Entrepreneurship
(Fundacja Upowszechniająca Wiedzę i Naukę "Cognitione" / Wyższa Szkoła Biznesu - National Louis Univeristy, 2017) Harasym, Rusłan; Rodzinka, Jacek; Skica, Tomasz
This article’s aim is to examine a dependency between local government administration at a municipal level and the level of local entrepreneurship. This paper attempts to answer the question of whether the size of the local government administration has features of stimulant or de-stimulant in the process of setting up a business. In other words, does the size of public administration at a local level (municipal level) have a positive or negative impact on creating new business entities? This is important due to at least a couple of reasons. First of all, the current research achievements are not extensive, when it comes to the publications that link entrepreneurship and the size of local government administration. Secondly, the problem of entrepreneurship determinants constitutes still topical and not fully investigated (or explained) aspects of local economy development. Thirdly and finally, the authors of this article have proposed and copyrighted an approach to the quantification of the size of local government administration, modifying commonly used measures of local public administration. Thus, this article fits not only into the explanation of the entrepreneurship phenomenon and its determinants, but also contributes to the development of knowledge about dependencies between the size of local self-government and the entrepreneurship level. It expands the knowledge resource on analyzed dependencies and re-orients current approaches to similar research.
User Innovation: State of the Art and Perspectives for Future Research
(Fundacja Upowszechniająca Wiedzę i Naukę "Cognitione" / Wyższa Szkoła Biznesu - National Louis Univeristy, 2017) Roszkowska-Menkes, Maria
Given the rising role of users in innovation processes and the increasing amount of research in this field the aim of this paper is to explore the limits of our understanding of the user innovation (UI) concept. In doing so, the study addresses four basic questions: (1) Why do users create and share innovation? (2) Who is the user-innovator? (3) What type of innovation do users create? (4) How do users innovate? The results of a systematic literature review identified the main research streams on user innovation, together with weaknesses of past research and perspectives for future studies.
Entrepreneurial Tournaments: Towards Disclosing the Rivalry Process Among Corporate Entrepreneurs
(Fundacja Upowszechniająca Wiedzę i Naukę "Cognitione" / Wyższa Szkoła Biznesu - National Louis Univeristy, 2017) Zarei, Mohammad
The notions and motivations of inter-organisational rivalries among employees have to some extent been highlighted by classical theories of management such as tournament theory. However, employees’ and entrepreneurs’ competitions are fundamentally different in pattern. Based on the doctrine of entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial competitions are essential for a productive economy. Even so, there have been few in-depth holistic attempts to understand the rivalry process among corporate entrepreneurs. During the last three decades, various fragmented studies have been conducted from different standpoints to clarify the process of corporate entrepreneurship (CE). Nevertheless, considerable room remains for developing a model of the rivalry process with respect to entrepreneurial activities within large and complex organisations. Hence, the main contribution of the research can be claimed as investigating and formulating the rivalry process. For this purpose, a systematic qualitative grounded theory methodology (GTM) was used. During a five-month period, corporate entrepreneurs from one of the chief Iranian research institutes were systematically interviewed. Based on the research results, in addition to endorsing the existence of such a rivalry process among corporate entrepreneurs, the GTM model extends the literature of CE by examining the previously unaddressed part of the process, i.e., disclosing the corporate entrepreneurs’ implemented strategies, among other blocks of the theory.
Partner Capabilities and Alliance Time Frame: An Analysis of International Strategic Alliances from the CEE
(Fundacja Upowszechniająca Wiedzę i Naukę "Cognitione" / Wyższa Szkoła Biznesu - National Louis Univeristy, 2017) Jalali, S. Hossein
Partner selection is one of the most discussed issues in strategic alliances literature. However, the majority of research has typically focused on generic partner characteristics and presented conceptual models for alliance partner selection, addressing clan image but only limited pieces of the partner selection puzzle. Rooted in the resource-based view, this paper suggests that partner selection is contingent upon the intended time frame of strategic alliances and presents a new and intensive conceptual framework that examines the appropriate partner capability for strategic alliances, in the case of short/medium-term alliances and long-term ones. Based on empirical evidences from 736 alliances in the CEE region, the findings stress the differences between varied partner capabilities in short/medium-term and long-term alliances. Accordingly, the significance of technological capability increases with the number of year’s alliances endured. Moreover, the importance of market capability decreases significantly when alliances last for a longer time frame.

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