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    Company valuation : how to deal with a range of values?
    (2011) Patena, Wiktor;
    Company valuation is not done after having generated a few values being a result of applying different valuation methods. In many cases institutions ordering the valuation request a value which can be an equivalent of a market, transactional value. Often the one method (and the valuation resulting from the method) can be indicated, since the valuer claims that it gives the most precise value of the company. However, it is safer to consider the range of values and then try to determine the final value which is the result of a combination of several methods. However, the question is how to consistently deal with a range of values. One of the solution s are so-called mixed methods of company valuation. They are criticized in this paper as they are too subjective. Instead we suggest considering a portfolio approach – PATEV (Portfolio Approach to Equity Valuation). In addition to having to choose a method of defining one value, the value is subject to further corrections: liquidity and control discounts.
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    Iterations in company valuation - EMCINSMED PLC
    (2010) Patena, Wiktor
    DCF is the most respected method of company valuation. However, it does have a flaw related to the fact that the weights (share of debt and equity in total financing) that are used are based on book values. The problem may be overcome by using a technique based on iterations. In a real-life case, when one has to deal with numerous parameters and time periods, a numerical solution seems to be the only feasible approach. It is a chain of formulae that becomes so integrated that the information between cash flows and cost of capital moves freely. Loops run along columns (from V to WACC, and from E to k) and lines (from one year to another). The cost of capital “tracks” the capital structure and changes accordingly. The valuation is recursive, going backwards in time. In general, the recursive method of company evaluation overcomes a fundamental problem that is often ignored by many other methods: the fact that the cost of capital depends on the financial structure. Here in the paper, the valuation of Emcinsmed S.A. company is done in order to present the i-DCF valuation method. The company is highly leveraged, hence it serves as a good example.